Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention and Control

Potential of Binahong and Ginger Functional Drink as An Alternative Food for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Firdaus Syafii, Ahmad Yani — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 04:22:07 +0000

Binahong and ginger are herbal plants with various bioactivities, including antidiabetic and antioxidant. One of the herbal drinks used in therapy for patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is decoction from binahong leaves. This research used binahong leaves and ginger to make a functional drink rich in antioxidants for DMT2 patients. This research aimed to determine the effect of adding ginger on antioxidant activity and sensory tests and the antioxidant potential of binahong leaves decoction as a functional drink for DMT2 patients. The research design used was a completely randomized design with five formulations, namely F0 (0 grams of ginger), F1 (2 grams of ginger), F2 (5 grams of ginger), F3 (7 grams of ginger), and F4 (10 grams of ginger). The parameters tested were antioxidant activity and organoleptic attributes such as colour, taste, and aroma. The resulting data was then subjected to an ANOVA test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that F3 gave a different value (p<0.05) and gave the highest score to the organoleptic properties of taste (5.02) and aroma (5.03). The F4 formulation gave a different value (p<0.05) and gave the highest score for organoleptic properties of colour (5.45). Apart from that, F3 and F4 showed potent antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 45.18 and 38.83 ppm. Thus, F3 and F4 have the potential to be developed as functional antioxidant drinks for DMT2 patients.

The Antidiabetic Potential of Ruellia tuberosa L.

Putri Fatmawati, Siti Nur Afiyah — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic condition characterized by insufficient insulin production or resistance to insulin, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels. Several synthetic medications, such as Acarbose, Metformin, Glibenclamide, Miglitol, and Voglibose, are presently employed to manage high blood sugar levels. However, these drugs have many side effects, causing some mild to severe adverse effects, including gastrointestinal symptoms, nausea, and vomiting. Hence, it is crucial to research natural products as promising antidiabetic alternatives. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential of Ruellia tuberosa L. as an antidiabetic drug candidate based on the secondary metabolite compounds contained in it. The literature review process involved searching specific keywords in various databases, including Google Scholar, the GARUDA portal, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and DOAJ. All incomplete, duplicates, and pay-access articles were filtered out, and inclusion criteria were applied. The result of this study shows that Ruellia tuberosa L. secondary metabolite compounds are alkaloids, amino acids, ascorbic acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, quinoline, saponins, steroids, sterols, tannins, and terpenoids. In silico molecular docking analysis and in vivo testing of Ruellia tuberosa L. extract on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats show that Ruellia tuberosa L. has the potential to be developed as an antidiabetic alternative drug.

Post-Operative Glucose and HbA1c Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Cataract

Nurmeily Rachmawati, Srimaya Winahyu, Ahmad Yani, Venny Patricia — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Diabetes mellitus is known as a disease that continues to increase every year in the world. This disease can cause severe complications in several organs, including the heart, nerves, kidneys, eyes, and skin. One of the problems that arise in diabetes patients with complications in the eye area is cataracts. Cataract patients are generally treated by operating on the eye through light surgery. One way to evaluate the health status of postoperative cataract patients is by observing laboratory examination results, especially blood glucose and HbA1c parameters. This study aimed to determine the description of glucose and HbA1c levels in patients after cataract surgery. Respondents totaled 30 patients, with 17 and 13 women and men, respectively. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis with laboratory examination as the primary data source. Based on the results, most respondents were 60 years and under (60%). The results showed that 33.3% of respondents' postoperative glucose levels were above the normal limit (>150 mg/dL). Meanwhile, as many as 30% of respondents' postoperative HbA1c levels were above the normal limit (>6.5%). Based on gender, postoperative glucose and HbA1c levels, which are above normal, are dominated by men. Meanwhile, based on age, postoperative glucose and HbA1c levels above normal were dominated by the age group ≤60 years.

The Impact of Bilateral Range of Motion Exercises on Upper Limb Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients

Marlin Brigita, Niken Nita Yogi Febriana, Robby Rahmadi Akbar — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Stroke is a condition that arises due to a disruption in blood circulation in the brain, which results in the death of brain tissue, causing a person to suffer paralysis and even death. Exercise activities are part of a rehabilitation program that enhances patient movement. Exercise therapy, such as range of motion (ROM) exercises, is the movement of a joint through its entire range in all appropriate directions. This research method is quantitative, with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. A sample of 24 respondents was taken using the purposive sampling technique at RSUP Dr. Sitanala Tangerang. Data collection used two instruments, namely a bilateral ROM checklist and a guide to muscle strength values. Data analysis used the paired t-test in univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The results of statistical tests using the t-dependent test (paired sample t-test) showed that of the 24 respondents, the mean pre-test value was ± 3.38 and the mean post-test was ± 4.50. The statistical test results show a p-value of 0.000 (α<0.05). Therefore, we can conclude that ROM has an influence on increasing muscle strength in stroke patients.

Calcium Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Ahmad Yani, Desiana Wahyu Kuswardani, Citra Trisna, Venny Patricia — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition of progressive kidney deterioration, which is characterized by a decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate that lasts for more than three months. One of the therapies needed to maintain the quality of life of CKD sufferers is hemodialysis. One of the functions of hemodialysis is to regulate electrolyte levels in the blood, including calcium. Low calcium levels in the blood (hypocalcemia) can trigger the release of calcium minerals from the bones, which ultimately makes the bones brittle. So, it is essential to monitor the blood calcium levels of CKD sufferers so as not to worsen the sufferer's condition. This study used secondary data, and the research instrument used in this research was the patient's medical record. Sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The inclusion criteria set were patients with CKD who underwent hemodialysis and had complete medical record data, including age, gender, length of time undergoing hemodialysis, and examination data in the form of blood calcium levels. The data included in this study came from 68 patients with CKD who underwent hemodialysis and had their blood calcium levels checked. Based on the research results, the prevalence of CKD was more significant in men (58.82%), and as many as 92.65% of the total respondents experienced hypocalcemia. Cases of hypocalcemia occurred more frequently in male patients (52.94%), in the 46-65 year age group (55.88%), and in patients who had undergone hemodialysis for 4-12 months (45.59%). Hypocalcemia sufferers need to pay attention to their nutritional intake to keep their blood calcium levels at a safe level.